怀化网站优化加徽信xiala5效果好网络工程师证

怀化网站优化加徽信xiala5效果好,网络工程师证,军事网站建设怎么打,论坛网站开发成本食用指南 本文汇总在工作过程中遇到的Ubuntu24.04操作系统运维问题#xff0c;以便不时之需#xff0c;每个Q对于一个问题。 Q1. 重置密码 环境#xff1a;Virtual Box 开机获取鼠标焦点后立即长按 Shift 键#xff1a; 然后按 e 进入编辑模式#xff0c;将 “ro quiet …食用指南本文汇总在工作过程中遇到的Ubuntu24.04操作系统运维问题以便不时之需每个Q对于一个问题。Q1. 重置密码环境Virtual Box开机获取鼠标焦点后立即长按 Shift 键然后按 e 进入编辑模式将 “ro quiet splash $vt_handoff” 部分删除替换为rwinit/bin/bash安然按 Ctrl-X 或者 F10 执行这时候我们可以重置 root 账号密码或者重置其他用户的密码最后重启系统即可rebootQ2. 安装 N 卡驱动驱动官网https://www.nvidia.cn/geforce/drivers/进入官网选择显卡型号与操作系统然后搜索显卡驱动在搜索结果中选择一个稳定版本的驱动然后下载下载后的驱动文件NVIDIA-Linux-x86-64-570.207.run执行指令安装sudobashNVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-570.207.run安装完成后验证驱动nvidia-smiQ3. 安装 CUDA查看当前 N 卡驱动版本nvidia-smi根据驱动版本到官网https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive下载对应的CUDA Toolkit根据官网指令直接下载runfilewgethttps://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.8.0/local_installers/cuda_12.8.0_570.86.10_linux.run然后执行安装sudoshcuda_12.8.0_570.86.10_linux.run如果驱动已经安装过则不用勾选“Driver”不然安装报错。选择“Install”执行安装。SummaryDriver: Not Selected Toolkit: Installedin/usr/local/cuda-12.8/ Pleasemakesure that -PATHincludes /usr/local/cuda-12.8/bin - LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-12.8/lib64, or,add/usr/local/cuda-12.8/lib64 to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig as root To uninstall the CUDA Toolkit, run cuda-uninstallerin/usr/local/cuda-12.8/bin ***WARNING: Incomplete installation!This installation did notinstallthe CUDA Driver. A driver of version at least570.00is requiredforCUDA12.8functionality to work. Toinstallthe driver using this installer, run the following command, replacingCudaInstallerwith the name of this run file:sudoCudaInstaller.run --silent --driver Logfile is /var/log/cuda-installer.log配置环境变量sudovim~/.bashrcexportPATH/usr/local/cuda-12.8/bin${PATH::${PATH}}exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH/usr/local/cuda-12.8/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH::${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}exportCUDA_HOME/usr/local/cuda-12.8source~/.bashrcsudoldconfig验证安装nvcc -VQ4. 禁用 Chrome 自动更新问题描述每次打开Chrome浏览器的时候都会自动检查更新并且会频繁提示解决方案修改google-chrome-stable文件ls/usr/bin/google-chrome-stablesudovim/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable找到这一行# Note: exec -a below is a bashism.exec-a$0$HERE/chrome$后面追加--disable-background-networking修改后的效果# Note: exec -a below is a bashism.exec-a$0$HERE/chrome$--disable-background-networking重启 Chrome再也没有更新提示非常清爽Q5. 解决Docker GPU问题报错描述Error response from daemon: could not select device driver with capabilities: [[gpu]]查看显卡驱动nvidia-smi如果之前一直都可以正常运行只是突然报错可以先尝试重启Docker解决sudosystemctl restart docker如果重启Docker无法解决可以尝试以下方法。添加软件仓库$distribution$(./etc/os-release;echo$ID$VERSION_ID)\curl-fsSL https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/gpgkey|sudogpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg\curl-s -L https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/$distribution/libnvidia-container.list|\seds#deb https://#deb [signed-by/usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg] https://#g|\sudotee/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.list安装nvidia-docker2sudoapt-getupdatesudoapt-getinstall-y nvidia-docker2重启 Dockersudosystemctl restart docker测试sudodocker run --rm --gpus all nvidia/cuda:11.0.3-base-ubuntu20.04 nvidia-smi参考文档 https://docs.nvidia.com/datacenter/cloud-native/container-toolkit/latest/install-guide.htmlQ6. 切换内核版本Step1、查看当前内核版本ls/lib/modules6.11.0-25-generic 6.11.0-28-generic 6.14.0-24-generic 6.14.0-28-generic 6.11.0-26-generic 6.11.0-29-generic 6.14.0-27-genericStep2、修改启动内核sudogrepmenuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfgif [ x${feature_menuentry_id} xy ]; then menuentry_id_option--id menuentry_id_option export menuentry_id_option menuentry Ubuntu --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-simple-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { submenu Advanced options for Ubuntu $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-advanced-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.14.0-28-generic --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.14.0-28-generic-advanced-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.14.0-28-generic (recovery mode) --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.14.0-28-generic-recovery-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.14.0-27-generic --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.14.0-27-generic-advanced-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.14.0-27-generic (recovery mode) --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.14.0-27-generic-recovery-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.11.0-29-generic --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.11.0-29-generic-advanced-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Ubuntu, with Linux 6.11.0-29-generic (recovery mode) --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option gnulinux-6.11.0-29-generic-recovery-4473259f-d548-4303-9388-92fe3811c8f3 { menuentry Memory test (memtest86x64.efi) --class memtest $menuentry_id_option memtest86 { menuentry Memory test (memtest86x64.efi, serial console) --class memtest $menuentry_id_option memtest86-serial { menuentry UEFI Firmware Settings $menuentry_id_option uefi-firmware {sudovim/etc/default/grub顺序从0开始则第五个内核菜单的下标为4GRUB_DEFAULT14Step3、刷新grub配置sudoupdate-grubStep4、重启电脑rebootQ7. 配置 Fcitx5 输入法安装 fcitx5 sudoapt-getinstallfcitx5 fcitx5-configtool fcitx5-chinese-addonsfcitx5 配置 输入效果快捷键添加搜狗词库https://pinyin.sogou.com/dict/打开 Fcitx5 配置面板导入完毕点击确定关闭窗口即可。注意事项APP 应用商店中的VS Code不兼容Fcitx5无法输入和切换输入法需要到VS Code官方下载安装。Q8. N 卡掉驱动问题描述屏幕花了并且查看显卡驱动时报错nvidia-smiNVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldnt communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.检查 CUDA nvcc -Vnvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver Copyright (c) 2005-2025 NVIDIA Corporation Built on Wed_Jan_15_19:20:09_PST_2025 Cuda compilation tools, release 12.8, V12.8.61 Build cuda_12.8.r12.8/compiler.35404655_0查看版本ls/usr/src|grepnvidianvidia-575.64.03修复驱动sudoapt-getinstalldkmssudodkmsinstall-m nvidia -v575.64.03Error! Could not locate dkms.conf file.这里报错是因为驱动文件不全需要重新安装。可以按照Q2. 安装N卡驱动重新下载驱动进行安装也可以按照以下步骤进行 apt 安装更新软件sudoaptupdatesudoaptupgradesudoaptinstallbuild-essential dkms卸载驱动sudoapt-getremove --purge^nvidia-.*查看sudolshw -c displaysudoubuntu-drivers devices关键安装推荐的驱动sudoubuntu-drivers autoinstallprime-select query重启rebootQ9. 扩展虚拟内存查看当前内存状态free-h检查当前交换空间swapon--showcat/proc/swaps禁用现有交换sudoswapoff -a删除旧交换文件假设是 /swap.imgsudorm/swap.img创建新的更大交换文件例如扩展到 8GB# 创建 8GB 的交换文件sudofallocate -l 8G /swap.img# 如果 fallocate 不可用使用 dd# sudo dd if/dev/zero of/swapfile bs1M count8192# 设置正确权限sudochmod600/swap.img# 格式化为交换空间sudomkswap/swap.img# 启用交换sudoswapon/swap.img验证结果# 检查交换空间free-h# 查看交换详细信息swapon--show# 查看内存使用情况cat/proc/meminfo|grep-i swap注意事项性能考虑交换空间在 SSD 上性能较好在 HDD 上会显著降低系统响应速度合理大小对于 16GB 内存的系统8-12GB 交换空间通常足够根本解决OOM 问题的根本解决应该是优化应用程序内存使用而不是仅仅增加交换空间监控使用htop、vmstat等工具监控内存使用情况Q10. CUDA 显存碎片优化sudovim~/.bashrc添加以下环境变量# 配置环境变量即可注意max_split_size_mb需要大于20exportPYTORCH_CUDA_ALLOC_CONFexpandable_segments:True,max_split_size_mb:32注意事项有些框架需要关闭该环境变量运行。Q11. 修改 Docker 存储位置Docker 默认将镜像、容器等数据存储在/var/lib/docker目录下当这个位置空间不足时可以修改 Docker 的存储位置。这里使用符号链接实现停止 Docker 服务sudosystemctl stop docker移动现有 Docker 数据sudomv/var/lib/docker /new/path/docker创建符号链接sudoln-s /new/path/docker /var/lib/docker启动 Docker 服务sudosystemctl start docker注意修改存储位置后原有的镜像和容器将不可用除非将原有数据迁移到新位置。Q12. 清除 Docker 缓存文件查看 Docker 磁盘使用情况sudodocker systemdfTYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE Images 13 7 102.7GB 60.44GB (58%) Containers 9 0 281.3MB 281.3MB (100%) Local Volumes 48 1 1.082GB 1.014GB (93%) Build Cache 7 0 0B 0B一键清理 Build Cachesudodocker builder pruneWARNING! This will remove all dangling build cache. Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y一键清理容器未运行的容器被删除包括相关卷sudodocker system prune一键清理容器和镜像未运行的容器和镜像会被删除非常彻底sudodocker system prune -aQ13. 安装下载器安装某雷sudoaptinstallflatpak flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://dl.flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo flatpakinstallflathub com.xunlei.Thunder注意目录是映射到下载目录的不要修改参考https://dev59.com/askubuntu/akbXs4cB2Jgan1zn9J9Yhttps://blog.csdn.net/tianrei_y/article/details/146182394安装Motrixhttps://motrix.app/download下载deb文件然后安装sudodpkg -i Motrix_1.8.19_amd64.debQ14. 挂载新硬盘分区例如我这里有一个新的机械硬盘4TB需要挂载到/data路径。查看分区lsblksudofdisk-l创建挂载目录sudomkdir-p /datasudoblkid /dev/sda/dev/sda: UUID08898795-08e8-4b22-941b-9434d3fd496a BLOCK_SIZE4096 TYPEext4这里的 UUID 非常重要记下来在配置fstab时需要用到sudovim/etc/fstabUUID08898795-08e8-4b22-941b-9434d3fd496a /data ext4 defaults 0 2sudomount-asudosystemctl daemon-reloaddf-h若/data路径无权限则赋权sudochown-R$USER:$USER/datals-ld /dataOK持续补充中…